The United States Dollar (USD) is the world's primary reserve currency and the main medium of exchange in international trade. Its issuance is controlled by the Federal Reserve. Due to its high liquidity, the dollar is used as a benchmark for pricing most other assets.
The Japanese Yen (JPY) is the national currency of Japan. It is often used by traders as a safe-haven currency during periods of economic instability due to the country's traditionally low interest rates and strong economy.